{"id":622,"date":"2020-04-20T19:12:56","date_gmt":"2020-04-20T19:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?page_id=622"},"modified":"2021-05-15T03:27:52","modified_gmt":"2021-05-15T03:27:52","slug":"global-pandemics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/global-pandemics\/","title":{"rendered":"Seven Global Pandemics and the Recovery"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>HIST246: Seven Global Pandemics and the Recovery<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outbreaks of disease and pandemics have recently rocked our global, interconnected world. But in fact, diseases have been a recurring historical phenomenon in world history. Genghis Khan and his descendants built the largest contiguous land empire in human history. Europeans exported disease to the Americas. The whole world writhed in agony from the Spanish Flu. What damages have epidemics done to human societies century after century, and how did those devastated societies transform and rebuild themselves? This course will zoom into six historical (and one current) multi-continent epidemics: the Black Death in the 14th century, the Smallpox epidemics in the 17th century, the four Cholera pandemics in the 19th century, the 1918 Spanish Flu, HIV\/AIDS in the 1980s, the 2003 SARS outbreak, and the ongoing Coronavirus terror. Let us also take one step further to use ArcGIS software to translate our book knowledge into creative digital maps. There are no prerequisites required; just bring your curiosity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Student Works<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:59px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?attachment_id=643\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"836\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-09.33.09.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"643\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-09.33.09.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?attachment_id=643\" class=\"wp-image-643\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-09.33.09.png 738w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-09.33.09-265x300.png 265w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">COVID versus Germany<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?attachment_id=654\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"646\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.00.02-1024x646.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"654\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.00.02.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?attachment_id=654\" class=\"wp-image-654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.00.02-1024x646.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.00.02-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.00.02-768x484.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.00.02.png 1378w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Smallpox and Cold War<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?attachment_id=662\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"664\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.27.38-1024x664.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"662\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.27.38.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/?attachment_id=662\" class=\"wp-image-662\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.27.38-1024x664.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.27.38-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.27.38-768x498.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.27.38.png 1332w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">COVID and Spanish Flu Containment<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-14-at-23-25-48\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"583\" height=\"708\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-14-at-23.25.48.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"717\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-14-at-23.25.48.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-14-at-23-25-48\/\" class=\"wp-image-717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-14-at-23.25.48.png 583w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-14-at-23.25.48-247x300.png 247w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Disease and Economy<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-10-44-04\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.44.04-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"666\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.44.04.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-10-44-04\/\" class=\"wp-image-666\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Disease in U.S. State Prisons<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-10-53-58\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"659\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.53.58-1024x659.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"667\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.53.58.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-10-53-58\/\" class=\"wp-image-667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.53.58-1024x659.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.53.58-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.53.58-768x494.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-10.53.58.png 1331w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mask Mandates for COVID and Spanish Flu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-18-34-28\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.34.28-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"693\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.34.28.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-18-34-28\/\" class=\"wp-image-693\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Deaths by Spanish Flu and COVID-19 in Brazil<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-11-03-54\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.03.54-1024x575.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"670\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.03.54.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-11-03-54\/\" class=\"wp-image-670\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.03.54-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.03.54-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.03.54-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.03.54.png 1362w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">United States COVID Mask Mandates<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-11-08-58\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"539\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.08.58-1024x539.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"671\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.08.58.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-11-08-58\/\" class=\"wp-image-671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.08.58-1024x539.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.08.58-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.08.58-768x404.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.08.58.png 1352w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Racial Disparities in COVID-19<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-11-26-22\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"627\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.26.22-1024x627.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"672\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.26.22.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-11-26-22\/\" class=\"wp-image-672\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.26.22-1024x627.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.26.22-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.26.22-768x470.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-11.26.22.png 1379w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mask Mandates: 1918 versus 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-16-42-22\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-16.42.22-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"691\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-16.42.22.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-16-42-22\/\" class=\"wp-image-691\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Black Lives Matter and COVID cases Relationship<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/monical-yile-hu_map\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map-1024x682.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"682\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/monical-yile-hu_map\/\" class=\"wp-image-682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map-1024x682.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map-1536x1023.png 1536w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Monical-Yile-Hu_map-2048x1364.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Vaccines in a Pandemic<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-18-40-24\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"656\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.40.24-1024x656.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"695\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.40.24.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-18-40-24\/\" class=\"wp-image-695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.40.24-1024x656.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.40.24-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.40.24-768x492.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.40.24.png 1375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Effect of Chinese Government Responses on COVID-19<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-18-53-50\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"650\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.53.50-1024x650.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"696\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.53.50.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-18-53-50\/\" class=\"wp-image-696\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.53.50-1024x650.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.53.50-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.53.50-768x488.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-18.53.50.png 1313w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">COVID-19 Cases and Lack of Health Insurance in the U.S.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-02-43\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"702\" height=\"663\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.02.43.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"697\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.02.43.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-02-43\/\" class=\"wp-image-697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.02.43.png 702w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.02.43-300x283.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">2014 Ebola Outbreak and Related Restrictions<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-6 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-32-17\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"599\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.32.17.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"699\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.32.17.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-32-17\/\" class=\"wp-image-699\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.32.17.png 738w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.32.17-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">2017 Rates of HIV Diagnosis in the U.S.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-49-21\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"719\" height=\"682\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.49.21.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"702\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.49.21.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-49-21\/\" class=\"wp-image-702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.49.21.png 719w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.49.21-300x285.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 719px) 100vw, 719px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">AIDS and COVID on the Campaign Trail: Reagan and Biden <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-56-07\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"658\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.56.07-1024x658.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"703\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.56.07.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-19-56-07\/\" class=\"wp-image-703\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.56.07-1024x658.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.56.07-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.56.07-768x494.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-19.56.07.png 1201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">COVID-19 Mandatory School Closings<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-7 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-20-08-40\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"628\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.08.40-1024x628.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"705\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.08.40.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-20-08-40\/\" class=\"wp-image-705\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.08.40-1024x628.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.08.40-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.08.40-768x471.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.08.40.png 1144w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Vaccine Acceptance and HIV Discrimination Law<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-20-17-25\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"667\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.17.25.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"706\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.17.25.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-20-17-25\/\" class=\"wp-image-706\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.17.25.png 727w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.17.25-300x275.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Anti-Asian American Hate Crimes During Pandemics<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-20-23-58\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"667\" src=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.23.58-1024x667.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"707\" data-full-url=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.23.58.png\" data-link=\"http:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/screen-shot-2021-05-13-at-20-23-58\/\" class=\"wp-image-707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.23.58-1024x667.png 1024w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.23.58-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.23.58-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-13-at-20.23.58.png 1327w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Spanish Flu and COVID Transmission Routes and U.S. Mask Mandates<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-0 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-8 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><\/ul><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HIST246: Seven Global Pandemics and the Recovery Outbreaks of disease and pandemics have recently rocked our global, interconnected world. But in fact, diseases have been a recurring historical phenomenon in world history. Genghis Khan and his descendants built the largest contiguous land empire in human history. Europeans exported disease to the Americas. The whole world [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-622","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=622"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/622\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":719,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/622\/revisions\/719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/mapping\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}